lshw命令：一个全面的硬件信息查询工具
Linux系统中lshw（List Hardware）是一个强大的命令，可以获取底层硬件信息。该命令在需要了解和诊断系统硬件配置时非常实用。只需在命令行输入 lshw 即可运行此命令。这将返回关于系统硬件的详细列表，包括CPU、内存、磁盘驱动器等所有组件的信息。
用法
lshw -h
Hardware Lister (lshw) -
usage: lshw [-format] [-options ...]
lshw -version
-version print program version ()
format can be
-html output hardware tree as HTML
-xml output hardware tree as XML
-json output hardware tree as a JSON object
-short output hardware paths
-businfo output bus information
options can be
-class CLASS only show a certain class of hardware
-C CLASS same as '-class CLASS'
-c CLASS same as '-class CLASS'
-disable TEST disable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )
-enable TEST enable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )
-quiet don't display status
-sanitize sanitize output (remove sensitive information like serial numbers, etc.)
-numeric output numeric IDs (for PCI, USB, etc.)
-notime exclude volatile attributes (timestamps) from output列出主机信息
sudo lshw -short
玩客云主机：
H/W path Device Class Description
================================================
system Xunlei OneCloud
/0 bus Motherboard
/0/0 processor cpu
/0/1 processor cpu
/0/2 processor cpu
/0/3 processor cpu
/0/4 memory 987MiB System memory
/1 usb1 bus DWC OTG Controller
/2 usb2 bus DWC OTG Controller
/3 mmc0 bus MMC Host
/3/aaaa /dev/mmcblk0 volume 238GiB SN256
/4 mmc1 bus MMC Host
/4/1 /dev/mmcblk1 generic 8GME4R
/4/1/1 /dev/mmcblk1p1 volume 256MiB Windows FAT volume
/4/1/2 /dev/mmcblk1p2 volume 7184MiB EXT4 volume
/5 input0 input button
/6 input1 input meson-ir
/7 eth0 network Ethernet interfaceubuntu主机
H/W path Device Class Description
============================================================
system To Be Filled By O.E.M. (To Be Filled By O.E.M.)
/0 bus HM55
/0/0 memory 64KiB BIOS
/0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 380 @ 2.53GHz
/0/4/5 memory 128KiB L1 cache
/0/4/6 memory 512KiB L2 cache
/0/4/7 memory 3MiB L3 cache
/0/29 memory 4GiB System Memory
/0/29/0 memory 4GiB DIMM SDRAM Synchronous
/0/29/1 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/29/2 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/29/3 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/100 bridge Core Processor DRAM Controller
/0/100/2 /dev/fb0 display Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller
/0/100/4 generic Core Processor Thermal Management Controller
/0/100/1a bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1a/1 usb3 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1a.1 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1a.1/1 usb4 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1a.2 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1a.2/1 usb5 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1a.7 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller
/0/100/1a.7/1 usb1 bus EHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1b card0 multimedia 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio
/0/100/1b/0 input10 input HDA Intel MID HDMI/DP,pcm=7
/0/100/1b/1 input11 input HDA Intel MID HDMI/DP,pcm=8
/0/100/1b/2 input5 input HDA Intel MID Front Mic
/0/100/1b/3 input6 input HDA Intel MID Rear Mic
/0/100/1b/4 input7 input HDA Intel MID Line Out
/0/100/1b/5 input8 input HDA Intel MID Front Headphone
/0/100/1b/6 input9 input HDA Intel MID HDMI/DP,pcm=3
/0/100/1c bridge 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1
/0/100/1c.1 bridge 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2
/0/100/1c.1/0 wls129 network AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express)
/0/100/1c.5 bridge 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 6
/0/100/1c.5/0 ens133 network RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller
/0/100/1d bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1d/1 usb6 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1d.1 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1d.1/1 usb7 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1d.2 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1d.2/1 usb8 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1d.3 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB Universal Host Controller
/0/100/1d.3/1 usb9 bus UHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1d.7 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller
/0/100/1d.7/1 usb2 bus EHCI Host Controller
/0/100/1e bridge 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge
/0/100/1f bridge HM55 Chipset LPC Interface Controller
/0/100/1f/0 system PnP device PNP0c01
/0/100/1f/1 system PnP device PNP0b00
/0/100/1f/2 communication PnP device PNP0501
/0/100/1f/3 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/4 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/5 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/6 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/7 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/8 system PnP device PNP0c01
/0/100/1f.2 scsi0 storage 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 120GB SSD 120GB
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 30GiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 81GiB Extended partition
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/2/5 /dev/sda5 volume 81GiB EXT4 volume
/0/100/1f.3 bus 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller
/0/101 bridge Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Regist
/0/102 bridge Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder
/0/103 bridge Core Processor QPI Link 0
/0/104 bridge 1st Generation Core i3/5/7 Processor QPI Physical 0
/0/105 bridge 1st Generation Core i3/5/7 Processor Reserved
/0/106 bridge 1st Generation Core i3/5/7 Processor Reserved
/1 power To Be Filled By O.E.M.
/2 input0 input Power Button
/3 input1 input Power Buttondell笔记本：
H/W path Device Class Description
=========================================================
system Inspiron 15 5510 (0B24)
/0 bus 02MXDR
/0/0 memory 1MiB BIOS
/0/400 processor 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-11320H @ 3.20GHz
/0/400/701 memory 128KiB L1 cache
/0/400/702 memory 5MiB L2 cache
/0/400/703 memory 8MiB L3 cache
/0/700 memory 192KiB L1 cache
/0/1000 memory 16GiB System Memory
/0/1000/0 memory 16GiB SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous 3200 MHz (0.3 ns)
/0/1000/1 memory [empty]
/0/100 bridge 11th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
/0/100/2 /dev/fb0 display TigerLake-LP GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics]
/0/100/4 generic TigerLake-LP Dynamic Tuning Processor Participant
/0/100/6 bridge 11th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller
/0/100/6/0 display TU117M [GeForce MX450]
/0/100/7 bridge Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 PCI Express Root Port #0
/0/100/a generic Tigerlake Telemetry Aggregator Driver
/0/100/d bus Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 USB Controller
/0/100/d/0 usb1 bus xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/d/1 usb2 bus xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/d.2 bus Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 NHI #0
/0/100/e storage Volume Management Device NVMe RAID Controller
/0/100/12 communication Tiger Lake-LP Integrated Sensor Hub
/0/100/14 bus Tiger Lake-LP USB 3.2 Gen 2x1 xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14/0 usb3 bus xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14/0/4 input9 input Logitech Wireless Receiver Mouse
/0/100/14/0/6 multimedia Integrated_Webcam_HD
/0/100/14/0/a communication AX201 Bluetooth
/0/100/14/1 usb4 bus xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14.2 memory RAM memory
/0/100/14.3 wlp0s20f3 network Wi-Fi 6 AX201
/0/100/15 bus Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0
/0/100/15.1 bus Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #1
/0/100/16 communication Tiger Lake-LP Management Engine Interface
/0/100/1f bridge Tiger Lake-LP LPC Controller
/0/100/1f/0 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/1 system PnP device PNP0b00
/0/100/1f/2 generic PnP device INT3f0d
/0/100/1f/3 input PnP device PNP0303
/0/100/1f/4 generic PnP device DLL0b24
/0/100/1f/5 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/6 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/7 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/8 system PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f.3 card0 multimedia Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Technology Audio Controller
/0/100/1f.4 bus Tiger Lake-LP SMBus Controller
/0/100/1f.5 bus Tiger Lake-LP SPI Controller
/0/1c generic RST VMD Managed Controller
/0/1c.4 bridge Tiger Lake-LP PCI Express Root Port #5
/0/1c.4/0 storage IM2P33F3 NVMe SSD (DRAM-less)
/1 power DELL XDY9K15
/2 power
/3 /dev/nvme0 storage IM2P33F3A NVMe ADATA 512GB
/3/0 /dev/ng0n1 disk NVMe disk
/3/1 /dev/nvme0n1 disk 512GB NVMe disk
/3/1/1 /dev/nvme0n1p1 volume 249MiB Windows FAT volume
/3/1/2 /dev/nvme0n1p2 volume 127MiB reserved partition
/3/1/3 /dev/nvme0n1p3 volume 103GiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/4 /dev/nvme0n1p4 volume 107GiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/5 /dev/nvme0n1p5 volume 195GiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/6 /dev/nvme0n1p6 volume 989MiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/7 /dev/nvme0n1p7 volume 18GiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/8 /dev/nvme0n1p8 volume 1458MiB Windows NTFS volume
/3/1/9 /dev/nvme0n1p9 volume 48GiB EXT4 volume
/4 input0 input Lid Switch
/5 input1 input Power Button
/6 input10 input Video Bus
/7 input11 input Video Bus
/8 input12 input Intel HID events
/9 input13 input PC Speaker
/a input14 input Intel HID 5 button array
/b input15 input Dell Privacy Driver
/c input16 input Dell WMI hotkeys
/d input17 input DELL0B24:00 04F3:3147 Mouse
/e input18 input DELL0B24:00 04F3:3147 Touchpad
/f input2 input Sleep Button
/10 input20 input sof-hda-dsp Headphone Mic
/11 input21 input sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=3
/12 input22 input sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=4
/13 input23 input sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=5
/14 input3 input AT Translated Set 2 keyboard
/15 input5 input PS/2 Generic Mouse